> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://kathan19.gitbook.io/howtohunt/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://kathan19.gitbook.io/howtohunt/rate-limit/rate_limit.md). # Rate Limit Flaws ### RATE LIMIT FLAWS This flaw leveraged by malicious actors to perform DDoS, brute force, and bot attacks on APIs. Although it's more than that. **NOTE: Some organisation `keep rate-limit bug as OOS`, So check their policy before testing.** ### Rate-limit Checks 1 - Rate limit on Forget password 2 - Rate limit on Sign-up Page 3 - Rate limit on Login Page 4 - Rate limit on Invite user normal 5 - Rate limit on Invite user using MACROS 6 - Rate limit on 2FA 7 - Rate-limit on Comment and sent messages 8 - Use your own brain somewhere ### Bypass-Techniques **1 - Append NULL characters at the end of the request :** `%00, %0d%0a, %0d, %0a, %09, %0C, %20, ( )space` ``` POST /signup/new/1337 HTTP/1.1 HOST: api.target.com ... email=hacker%40gmail.com&password=12345678%00 ``` **2 - Append NULL characters at the end of the Path :** `%00, %0d%0a, %0d, %0a, %09, %0C, %20, ( )space` `POST /profile/post/like%00 HTTP/2` **3) Using Custom `HTTP headers`** ``` X-Originating-IP: 127.0.0.1 X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1 X-Remote-IP: 127.0.0.1 X-Remote-Addr: 127.0.0.1 X-Client-IP: 127.0.0.1 X-Host: 127.0.0.1 X-Forwared-Host: 127.0.0.1 ``` *** ``` X-Originating-IP: 127.0.0.2 X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.2 X-Remote-IP: 127.0.0.2 X-Remote-Addr: 127.0.0.2 X-Client-IP: 127.0.0.2 X-Host: 127.0.0.2 X-Forwared-Host: 127.0.0.2 ``` *** ``` X-Originating-IP: 127.0.1 X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.1 X-Remote-IP: 127.0.1 X-Remote-Addr: 127.0.1 X-Client-IP: 127.0.1 X-Host: 127.0.1 X-Forwared-Host: 127.0.1 ``` **4 - Changing the value of `User-Agent:`** ``` UserAgent: 'CHANGED_USERAGENT' ``` **5 - Adding Custom `parameter` in GET request** `GET /accout/passwordreset/?test=test` **6 - Change request body, (`JSON -> XML`) or vice versa** Use Burp Extension --> `Content Type Converter` **7 - Changing API version ,** `/api/v2/user/reset_pw --> /api/v1/user/reset_pw or /api/v3/user/reset_pw` **8 - Bypass through Exploiting Logic flaw on Login page,** * Take Attacker and Victim account * Identify how many enough login attempts in application * For-eg. if application gives only 3 attempts, then * By using burp macros, send the attackers login request 1 time and victim login request 2 time, or alternatively * If NOT blocked, Repeat the process until we get victim's password **9 - Try to find `Origin IP` of the Application** * Shodan * Censys * Visit the application with it's IP address * Do your own research --- # Agent Instructions This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com. ## Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter, and the optional `goal` query parameter: ``` GET https://kathan19.gitbook.io/howtohunt/rate-limit/rate_limit.md?ask=&goal= ``` `ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. `goal` is optional and describes the broader end goal you are ultimately trying to accomplish on behalf of the user. GitBook uses it to tailor the answer towards what is most useful for that goal. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.